add homework 5.4

readme.md

@@ -22,3 +22,4 @@
 * [5.1. Основы виртуализации](/src/homework/05-virtualization/5.1)
 * [5.2. Применение принципов IaaC в работе с виртуальными машинами](/src/homework/05-virtualization/5.2)
 * [5.3. Введение. Экосистема. Архитектура. Жизненный цикл Docker контейнера](/src/homework/05-virtualization/5.3)
+* [5.4. Оркестрация группой Docker контейнеров на примере Docker Compose](/src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4)

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/ansible/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+inventory

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/ansible/ansible.cfg

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[defaults]
+inventory=./inventory
+deprecation_warnings=False
+command_warnings=False
+ansible_port=22

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/ansible/inventory.example

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[nodes:children]
+manager
+
+[manager]
+node01.netology.cloud ansible_host=

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/ansible/provision.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+---
+
+  - hosts: nodes
+    become: yes
+    become_user: root
+    remote_user: centos
+
+    tasks:
+      - name: Create directory for ssh-keys
+        file: state=directory mode=0700 dest=/root/.ssh/
+
+      - name: Adding rsa-key in /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
+        copy: src=~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub dest=/root/.ssh/authorized_keys owner=root mode=0600
+        ignore_errors: yes
+
+      - name: Checking DNS
+        command: host -t A google.com
+
+      - name: Installing tools
+        yum: >
+          pkg={{ item }}
+          state=present
+          update_cache=yes
+        with_items:
+          - git
+          - curl
+
+      - name: Add docker repository
+        command: yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
+
+      - name: Installing docker package
+        yum: >
+          pkg={{ item }}
+          state=present
+          update_cache=yes
+        with_items:
+          - docker-ce
+          - docker-ce-cli
+          - containerd.io
+
+      - name: Enable docker daemon
+        systemd:
+          name: docker
+          state: started
+          enabled: yes
+
+      - name: Install docker-compose
+        raw: $(curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/bin/docker-compose && chmod +x /usr/bin/docker-compose)
+
+      - name: Synchronization
+        copy:
+          src: stack/
+          dest: "/opt/stack/"
+          owner: root
+          group: root
+          mode: 0644
+        become: true
+
+      - name: Pull all images in compose
+        command: docker-compose -f /opt/stack/docker-compose.yaml pull
+
+      - name: Up all services in compose
+        command: docker-compose -f /opt/stack/docker-compose.yaml up -d

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/ansible/stack/.env

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+ADMIN_USER=admin
+ADMIN_PASSWORD=admin

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/ansible/stack/alertmanager/config.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+route:
+    receiver: 'slack'
+
+receivers:
+    - name: 'slack'
+      slack_configs:
+          - send_resolved: true
+            text: "{{ .CommonAnnotations.description }}"
+            username: 'Prometheus'
+            channel: '#<channel-name>'
+            api_url: 'https://hooks.slack.com/services/<webhook-id>'

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/ansible/stack/caddy/Caddyfile

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+:9090 {
+    basicauth / {$ADMIN_USER} {$ADMIN_PASSWORD}
+    proxy / prometheus:9090 {
+            transparent
+        }
+
+    errors stderr
+    tls off
+}
+
+:9093 {
+    basicauth / {$ADMIN_USER} {$ADMIN_PASSWORD}
+    proxy / alertmanager:9093 {
+            transparent
+        }
+
+    errors stderr
+    tls off
+}
+
+:9091 {
+    basicauth / {$ADMIN_USER} {$ADMIN_PASSWORD}
+    proxy / pushgateway:9091 {
+            transparent
+        }
+
+    errors stderr
+    tls off
+}
+
+:3000 {
+    proxy / grafana:3000 {
+            transparent
+            websocket
+        }
+
+    errors stderr
+    tls off
+}

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/ansible/stack/docker-compose.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+version: '2.1'
+
+networks:
+  monitoring:
+    driver: bridge
+
+volumes:
+    prometheus_data: {}
+    grafana_data: {}
+
+services:
+
+  prometheus:
+    image: prom/prometheus:v2.17.1
+    container_name: prometheus
+    volumes:
+      - ./prometheus:/etc/prometheus
+      - prometheus_data:/prometheus
+    command:
+      - '--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml'
+      - '--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus'
+      - '--web.console.libraries=/etc/prometheus/console_libraries'
+      - '--web.console.templates=/etc/prometheus/consoles'
+      - '--storage.tsdb.retention.time=15d'
+      - '--web.enable-lifecycle'
+    restart: always
+    networks:
+      - monitoring
+    labels:
+      org.label-schema.group: "monitoring"
+
+  alertmanager:
+    image: prom/alertmanager:v0.20.0
+    container_name: alertmanager
+    volumes:
+      - ./alertmanager:/etc/alertmanager
+    command:
+      - '--config.file=/etc/alertmanager/config.yml'
+      - '--storage.path=/alertmanager'
+    restart: always
+    networks:
+      - monitoring
+    labels:
+      org.label-schema.group: "monitoring"
+
+  nodeexporter:
+    image: prom/node-exporter:v0.18.1
+    container_name: nodeexporter
+    volumes:
+      - /proc:/host/proc:ro
+      - /sys:/host/sys:ro
+      - /:/rootfs:ro
+    command:
+      - '--path.procfs=/host/proc'
+      - '--path.rootfs=/rootfs'
+      - '--path.sysfs=/host/sys'
+      - '--collector.filesystem.ignored-mount-points=^/(sys|proc|dev|host|etc)($$|/)'
+    restart: always
+    networks:
+      - monitoring
+    labels:
+      org.label-schema.group: "monitoring"
+
+  cadvisor:
+    image: gcr.io/google-containers/cadvisor:v0.34.0
+    container_name: cadvisor
+    volumes:
+      - /:/rootfs:ro
+      - /var/run:/var/run:rw
+      - /sys:/sys:ro
+      - /var/lib/docker:/var/lib/docker:ro
+      - /cgroup:/cgroup:ro
+    restart: always
+    networks:
+      - monitoring
+    labels:
+      org.label-schema.group: "monitoring"
+
+  grafana:
+    image: grafana/grafana:7.4.2
+    container_name: grafana
+    volumes:
+      - grafana_data:/var/lib/grafana
+      - ./grafana/provisioning:/etc/grafana/provisioning
+    environment:
+      - GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_USER=${ADMIN_USER:-admin}
+      - GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD=${ADMIN_PASSWORD:-admin}
+      - GF_USERS_ALLOW_SIGN_UP=false
+    restart: always
+    networks:
+      - monitoring
+    labels:
+      org.label-schema.group: "monitoring"
+
+  pushgateway:
+    image: prom/pushgateway:v1.2.0
+    container_name: pushgateway
+    restart: unless-stopped
+    networks:
+      - monitoring
+    labels:
+      org.label-schema.group: "monitoring"
+
+  caddy:
+    image: stefanprodan/caddy
+    container_name: caddy
+    ports:
+      - "0.0.0.0:3000:3000"
+      - "0.0.0.0:9090:9090"
+      - "0.0.0.0:9093:9093"
+      - "0.0.0.0:9091:9091"
+    volumes:
+      - ./caddy:/etc/caddy
+    environment:
+      - ADMIN_USER=${ADMIN_USER:-admin}
+      - ADMIN_PASSWORD=${ADMIN_PASSWORD:-admin}
+    restart: always
+    networks:
+      - monitoring
+    labels:
+      org.label-schema.group: "monitoring"

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/ansible/stack/exporters/docker-compose.exporters.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+version: '2.1'
+
+services:
+
+  nodeexporter:
+    image: prom/node-exporter:v0.18.1
+    container_name: nodeexporter
+    volumes:
+      - /proc:/host/proc:ro
+      - /sys:/host/sys:ro
+      - /:/rootfs:ro
+    command:
+      - '--path.procfs=/host/proc'
+      - '--path.rootfs=/rootfs'
+      - '--path.sysfs=/host/sys'
+      - '--collector.filesystem.ignored-mount-points=^/(sys|proc|dev|host|etc)($$|/)'
+    restart: unless-stopped
+    network_mode: host
+    labels:
+      org.label-schema.group: "monitoring"
+
+  cadvisor:
+    image: gcr.io/google-containers/cadvisor:v0.34.0
+    container_name: cadvisor
+    volumes:
+      - /:/rootfs:ro
+      - /var/run:/var/run:rw
+      - /sys:/sys:ro
+      - /var/lib/docker/:/var/lib/docker:ro
+      - /cgroup:/cgroup:ro
+    restart: unless-stopped
+    network_mode: host
+    labels:
+      org.label-schema.group: "monitoring"
+  
+

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/ansible/stack/grafana/provisioning/dashboards/dashboard.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+apiVersion: 1
+
+providers:
+  - name: 'Prometheus'
+    orgId: 1
+    folder: ''
+    type: file
+    disableDeletion: false
+    editable: true
+    allowUiUpdates: true
+    options:
+      path: /etc/grafana/provisioning/dashboards

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/ansible/stack/grafana/provisioning/datasources/datasource.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+apiVersion: 1
+
+datasources:
+  - name: Prometheus
+    type: prometheus
+    access: proxy
+    orgId: 1
+    url: http://prometheus:9090
+    basicAuth: false
+    isDefault: true
+    editable: true

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/ansible/stack/prometheus/alert.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+groups:
+- name: targets
+  rules:
+  - alert: monitor_service_down
+    expr: up == 0
+    for: 30s
+    labels:
+      severity: critical
+    annotations:
+      summary: "Monitor service non-operational"
+      description: "Service {{ $labels.instance }} is down."
+
+- name: host
+  rules:
+  - alert: high_cpu_load
+    expr: node_load1 > 1.5
+    for: 30s
+    labels:
+      severity: warning
+    annotations:
+      summary: "Server under high load"
+      description: "Docker host is under high load, the avg load 1m is at {{ $value}}. Reported by instance {{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }}."
+
+  - alert: high_memory_load
+    expr: (sum(node_memory_MemTotal_bytes) - sum(node_memory_MemFree_bytes + node_memory_Buffers_bytes + node_memory_Cached_bytes) ) / sum(node_memory_MemTotal_bytes) * 100 > 85
+    for: 30s
+    labels:
+      severity: warning
+    annotations:
+      summary: "Server memory is almost full"
+      description: "Docker host memory usage is {{ humanize $value}}%. Reported by instance {{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }}."
+
+  - alert: high_storage_load
+    expr: (node_filesystem_size_bytes{fstype="aufs"} - node_filesystem_free_bytes{fstype="aufs"}) / node_filesystem_size_bytes{fstype="aufs"}  * 100 > 85
+    for: 30s
+    labels:
+      severity: warning
+    annotations:
+      summary: "Server storage is almost full"
+      description: "Docker host storage usage is {{ humanize $value}}%. Reported by instance {{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }}."
+
+- name: containers
+  rules:
+  #- alert: jenkins_down
+  #  expr: absent(container_memory_usage_bytes{name="jenkins"})
+  #  for: 30s
+  #  labels:
+  #    severity: critical
+  #  annotations:
+  #    summary: "Jenkins down"
+  #    description: "Jenkins container is down for more than 30 seconds."
+
+  #- alert: jenkins_high_cpu
+  #  expr: sum(rate(container_cpu_usage_seconds_total{name="jenkins"}[1m])) / count(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode="system"}) * 100 > 10
+  #  for: 30s
+  #  labels:
+  #    severity: warning
+  #  annotations:
+  #    summary: "Jenkins high CPU usage"
+  #    description: "Jenkins CPU usage is {{ humanize $value}}%."
+
+  #- alert: jenkins_high_memory
+  #  expr: sum(container_memory_usage_bytes{name="jenkins"}) > 1200000000
+  #  for: 30s
+  #  labels:
+  #    severity: warning
+  #  annotations:
+  #    summary: "Jenkins high memory usage"
+  #    description: "Jenkins memory consumption is at {{ humanize $value}}."

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/ansible/stack/prometheus/prometheus.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+global:
+  scrape_interval:     15s
+  evaluation_interval: 15s
+
+  # Attach these labels to any time series or alerts when communicating with
+  # external systems (federation, remote storage, Alertmanager).
+  external_labels:
+      monitor: 'prometheus'
+
+# Load and evaluate rules in this file every 'evaluation_interval' seconds.
+rule_files:
+  - "alert.rules"
+
+# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape.
+scrape_configs:
+  - job_name: 'nodeexporter'
+    scrape_interval: 5s
+    static_configs:
+      - targets: ['nodeexporter:9100']
+
+  - job_name: 'cadvisor'
+    scrape_interval: 5s
+    static_configs:
+      - targets: ['cadvisor:8080']
+
+  - job_name: 'prometheus'
+    scrape_interval: 10s
+    static_configs:
+      - targets: ['localhost:9090']
+
+  - job_name: 'pushgateway'
+    scrape_interval: 10s
+    honor_labels: true
+    static_configs:
+      - targets: ['pushgateway:9091']
+
+  - job_name: 'alertmanager'
+    scrape_interval: 10s
+    honor_labels: true
+    static_configs:
+      - targets: ['alertmanager:9093']
+
+  - job_name: 'grafana'
+    scrape_interval: 10s
+    honor_labels: true
+    static_configs:
+      - targets: ['grafana:3000']
+
+
+alerting:
+  alertmanagers:
+  - scheme: http
+    static_configs:
+    - targets:
+      - 'alertmanager:9093'

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/packer/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+centos-7-base.json

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/packer/centos-7-base.example.json

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+{
+  "builders": [
+    {
+      "disk_type": "network-nvme",
+      "folder_id": "",
+      "image_description": "build by packer",
+      "image_family": "centos",
+      "image_name": "centos-7-base",
+      "source_image_family": "centos-7",
+      "ssh_username": "centos",
+      "subnet_id": "",
+      "token": "",
+      "type": "yandex",
+      "use_ipv4_nat": true,
+      "zone": "ru-central1-a"
+    }
+  ],
+  "provisioners": [
+    {
+      "inline": [
+        "sudo yum -y update",
+        "sudo yum -y install bridge-utils bind-utils iptables curl net-tools tcpdump rsync telnet openssh-server"
+      ],
+      "type": "shell"
+    }
+  ]
+}

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/readme.md

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+Выполнение [домашнего задания](https://github.com/netology-code/virt-homeworks/blob/virt-11/05-virt-04-docker-compose/README.md) 
+по теме "5.4. Оркестрация группой Docker контейнеров на примере Docker Compose".
+
+## Q/A
+
+### Задача 1
+
+> Создать собственный образ операционной системы с помощью Packer.
+>
+> Для получения зачета, вам необходимо предоставить:
+> - Скриншот страницы, как на слайде из презентации (слайд 37).
+
+Пошаговая инструкция работы с yandex-облаком:
+1. Установка `yc`: `curl -sSL https://storage.yandexcloud.net/yandexcloud-yc/install.sh | bash`
+2. Инициализация конфигурации: `yc init`
+3. Проверка, что всё работает:
+   ```shell
+   yc compute image list
+   +----+------+--------+-------------+--------+
+   | ID | NAME | FAMILY | PRODUCT IDS | STATUS |
+   +----+------+--------+-------------+--------+
+   +----+------+--------+-------------+--------+
+   ```
+4. Создание сети: `yc vpc network create --name net`
+5. Создание подсети: `yc vpc subnet create --name my-subnet-a --zone ru-central1-a --range 10.1.2.0/24 --network-name net --description "test subnet for test net"`
+6. Копирование примера конфигурации packer [centos-7-base.example.json](./packer/centos-7-base.example.json) в `centos-7-base.json`.
+7. Затем нужно заполнить недостающие поля в конфигурации.
+8. Запуск валидации конфигурации
+   ```shell
+   packer validate packer/centos-7-base.json
+   The configuration is valid.
+   ```
+9. Запуск сборки образа `packer build packer/centos-7-base.json`
+10. Удаление подсети: `yc vpc subnet delete --name my-subnet-a`
+11. Удаление сети: `yc vpc network delete --name net`
+
+**Результат**:
+
+![cloud-images.png](./assets/cloud-images.png)
+
+### Задача 2
+
+> Создать вашу первую виртуальную машину в Яндекс.Облаке.
+>
+> Для получения зачета, вам необходимо предоставить:
+> - Скриншот страницы свойств созданной ВМ
+
+1. Копирование секретов для `terraform` из [variables.tf.example](./terraform/variables.tf.example) в `variables.tf`
+2. Затем нужно изменить поля в конфигурации.
+3. Инициализировать конфигурацию: `terraform init` (не работает без vpn, при получении данных отдаётся 403 статус код)
+4. Просмотреть конфигурацию `terraform plan`
+5. Применить конфигурацию к облаку `terraform apply -auto-approve`
+
+**Результат**:
+
+![cloud-vm.png](./assets/cloud-vm.png)
+
+### Задача 3
+
+> Создать ваш первый готовый к боевой эксплуатации компонент мониторинга, состоящий из стека микросервисов.
+>
+> Для получения зачета, вам необходимо предоставить:
+> - Скриншот работающего веб-интерфейса Grafana с текущими метриками
+
+1. Копирование inventory файла для `ansible` из [inventory.example](./ansible/inventory.example) в `inventory`
+2. Запуск `ansible`: `cd ansible && ansible-playbook provision.yml`
+
+**Результат**:
+
+![grafana.png](./assets/grafana.png)
+
+### Clean up
+
+Удаление всей инфраструктуры:
+
+1. Удаление ВМ, сетей: `terraform destroy -auto-approve`
+2. Удаление образа ОС: `yc compute image delete --id fd8oponkic4t99ecuk8k`

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/terraform/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+variables.tf
+
+# Local .terraform directories
+**/.terraform/*
+
+# .tfstate files
+*.tfstate
+*.tfstate.*
+
+# Crash log files
+crash.log
+crash.*.log
+
+# Exclude all .tfvars files, which are likely to contain sentitive data, such as
+# password, private keys, and other secrets. These should not be part of version
+# control as they are data points which are potentially sensitive and subject
+# to change depending on the environment.
+#
+*.tfvars
+
+# Ignore override files as they are usually used to override resources locally and so
+# are not checked in
+override.tf
+override.tf.json
+*_override.tf
+*_override.tf.json
+
+# Include override files you do wish to add to version control using negated pattern
+#
+# !example_override.tf
+
+# Include tfplan files to ignore the plan output of command: terraform plan -out=tfplan
+# example: *tfplan*
+
+# Ignore CLI configuration files
+.terraformrc
+terraform.rc

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/terraform/.terraform.lock.hcl

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# This file is maintained automatically by "terraform init".
+# Manual edits may be lost in future updates.
+
+provider "registry.terraform.io/yandex-cloud/yandex" {
+  version = "0.74.0"
+  hashes = [
+    "h1:WE0V59Nb+oj8gN02X7Xt5ZuP+Z+dP3lLaQgChj+8t1g=",
+    "zh:01914a42590934918a312324fcf8b0b342da113da76c13bc00d40b9d3c0a78d9",
+    "zh:0ae93ec70084677f0026c44513c99252dde3be31435c4d1ef5259c8ab5bde225",
+    "zh:59acf5f27d378069d7332549c1645e03de2a2ff9208e02e1546491d276031e23",
+    "zh:6662ab75109138675de0060957ce259c96c141e87617bc211dd80f1213d69419",
+    "zh:86143792b6395e582b2363ac052675e51741bb9b09dcdabc3f5512f501d49fe5",
+    "zh:883a06e44b64764459c1d0b37f24b52134a9fb95d7332f95b2b3c2271b76a958",
+    "zh:96ca7255602e1f38b42515533bac2e77313163638ef6e68c08a7772ab2515ed6",
+    "zh:9bad5d9a023aa238f34db6a05c1ea67f19f2c27fe640be76ec77d850e8cbecf6",
+    "zh:aebf8480d0cccbca57a085ccabb5af23d0e35a8d6e54b1bef15ae6432cfdf229",
+    "zh:c7114896af26237cd01395c10f81a670752cc103d6ce602e88f81f205987e617",
+    "zh:c84819a708453cc321746eba5fc4bab972e3735607b6533b3d9bab79c3f0d196",
+    "zh:ee82069747c38737e88f01007de0a1180770c14de26c13b79c9cc340204237fc",
+    "zh:f53439d40f328b0e4800d8ed00f18bc39b2b03ac3d776b0c7b497722d7f7f0b1",
+  ]
+}

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/terraform/network.tf

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Network
+resource "yandex_vpc_network" "default" {
+  name = "net"
+}
+
+resource "yandex_vpc_subnet" "default" {
+  name = "subnet"
+  zone           = "ru-central1-a"
+  network_id     = "${yandex_vpc_network.default.id}"
+  v4_cidr_blocks = ["192.168.101.0/24"]
+}

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/terraform/node01.tf

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+resource "yandex_compute_instance" "node01" {
+  name                      = "node01"
+  zone                      = "ru-central1-a"
+  hostname                  = "node01.netology.cloud"
+  allow_stopping_for_update = true
+
+  resources {
+    cores  = 8
+    memory = 8
+  }
+
+  boot_disk {
+    initialize_params {
+      image_id    = "${var.centos-7-base}"
+      name        = "root-node01"
+      type        = "network-nvme"
+      size        = "50"
+    }
+  }
+
+  network_interface {
+    subnet_id = "${yandex_vpc_subnet.default.id}"
+    nat       = true
+  }
+
+  metadata = {
+    ssh-keys = "centos:${file("~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub")}"
+  }
+}

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/terraform/output.tf

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+output "internal_ip_address_node01_yandex_cloud" {
+  value = "${yandex_compute_instance.node01.network_interface.0.ip_address}"
+}
+
+output "external_ip_address_node01_yandex_cloud" {
+  value = "${yandex_compute_instance.node01.network_interface.0.nat_ip_address}"
+}

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/terraform/provider.tf

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# Provider
+terraform {
+  required_providers {
+    yandex = {
+      source = "yandex-cloud/yandex"
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+provider "yandex" {
+  token = var.yandex_cloud_token
+  cloud_id  = var.yandex_cloud_id
+  folder_id = var.yandex_folder_id
+}

src/homework/05-virtualization/5.4/terraform/variables.tf.example

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# Заменить на ID своего облака
+# https://console.cloud.yandex.ru/cloud?section=overview
+variable "yandex_cloud_id" {
+  default = "b1gu1gt5nqi6lqgu3t7s"
+}
+
+# Заменить на Folder своего облака
+# https://console.cloud.yandex.ru/cloud?section=overview
+variable "yandex_folder_id" {
+  default = "b1gaec42k169jqpo02f7"
+}
+
+# OAuth токен, используемый утилитой yc. Применялся на этапе с packer.
+variable "yandex_cloud_token" {
+  default = ""
+}
+
+# Заменить на ID своего образа
+# ID можно узнать с помощью команды yc compute image list
+variable "centos-7-base" {
+  default = "fd8ft6norj68lo29qlpi"
+}